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        <h1 class="title">Spring:Bean</h1>
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                <time datetime="2019-05-14T22:04:41.000Z" itemprop="datePublished" class="page-time">
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            <h4>TOC</h4>
            <ol class="post-toc"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-2"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#学习笔记-Spring-Bean"><span class="post-toc-number">1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">学习笔记 : Spring Bean</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Bean-的配置"><span class="post-toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Bean 的配置</span></a></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Bean-的实例化"><span class="post-toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Bean 的实例化</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-5"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Bean-的实例化案例"><span class="post-toc-number">1.2.0.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Bean 的实例化案例</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Bean-的作用域"><span class="post-toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Bean 的作用域</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Bean-的作用域案例"><span class="post-toc-number">1.3.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Bean 的作用域案例</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Bean-的装配方式"><span class="post-toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Bean 的装配方式</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#基于XML的装配"><span class="post-toc-number">1.4.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">基于XML的装配</span></a></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#基于Annotation的装配"><span class="post-toc-number">1.4.2.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">基于Annotation的装配</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
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            <time class="post-time" title="2019-05-14 22:04:41" datetime="2019-05-14T22:04:41.000Z"  itemprop="datePublished">2019-05-14</time>

            


            

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            <h2 id="学习笔记-Spring-Bean"><a href="#学习笔记-Spring-Bean" class="headerlink" title="学习笔记 : Spring Bean"></a>学习笔记 : Spring Bean</h2><h3 id="Bean-的配置"><a href="#Bean-的配置" class="headerlink" title="Bean 的配置"></a>Bean 的配置</h3><p><em>简介 : Spring可以被看成一个大型工厂,其作用是<code>生产</code>和<code>管理</code>Spring容器中的<code>Bean</code>,前提是需要在Sring配置文件中进行配置. Spring容器支持<code>XML</code>和<code>Properties</code>两种格式的配置文件.其前者最为常用哟! 在配置文件中,通常为一个Bean配置<code>id</code>或<code>name</code>和<code>class</code>两个属性即可,注意的是如果Bean中未指定id和name,则Spring会将class值当做id使用.</em></p>
<h3 id="Bean-的实例化"><a href="#Bean-的实例化" class="headerlink" title="Bean 的实例化"></a>Bean 的实例化</h3><p><em>简介 : 在Spring中,想要使用容器中的Bean时需要先将其实例化,其实例化的方式有三种,如下所示.</em></p>
<ol>
<li>构造器实例化(<code>最常用</code>) : Spring容器通过Bean对应类中默认的无参构造方法来实例化Bean.</li>
<li>静态工厂方式实例化 : 将Bean配置中的class属性指定静态工厂类,然后使用<code>factory-method</code>属性来指定所创建的静态工厂方法.</li>
<li>实例工厂方式实例化 : 将需要实例化的Bean通过<code>factory-bean</code>属性指向配置的实例工厂,然后使用<code>factory-method</code>属性确定使用工厂中的具体方法.</li>
</ol>
<h5 id="Bean-的实例化案例"><a href="#Bean-的实例化案例" class="headerlink" title="Bean 的实例化案例"></a>Bean 的实例化案例</h5><p><em>通过一个示例程序来演示实例化Bean的三种方式.</em></p>
<ol>
<li><p><em>Bean类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//构造器实例化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Bean1</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//静态工厂方式实例化  </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Bean2</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//实例工厂方式实例化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Bean3</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>MyBean2Factory.java : 静态工厂</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.factory;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean2;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: MyBean2Factory</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 静态工厂方式实例化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 2:08:00 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">MyBean2Factory</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> Bean2 <span class="title">createBean</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> Bean2();</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>MyBean3Factory.java : 实例工厂</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.factory;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean3;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: MyBean3Factory</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 实例工厂方式实例化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 2:16:03 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">MyBean3Factory</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title">MyBean3Factory</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        System.out.println(<span class="string">"this is constructor ~"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> Bean3 <span class="title">createBean</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> Bean3();</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>applicationContext.xml : Spring核心配置文件</em></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">beans</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xmlns:xsi</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xsi:schemaLocation</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- 构造器实例化 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"bean1"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean1"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- 静态工厂方式实例化 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- factory-method: 指定工厂方法 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"bean2"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.factory.MyBean2Factory"</span> <span class="attr">factory-method</span>=<span class="string">"createBean"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- 实例工厂方式实例化 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- factory-bean:指定配置的实例工厂 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"myBean3Factory"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.factory.MyBean3Factory"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"bean3"</span> <span class="attr">factory-bean</span>=<span class="string">"myBean3Factory"</span> <span class="attr">factory-method</span>=<span class="string">"createBean"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">beans</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>InstanceTest.java : 测试类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.test;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.BeforeClass;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Ignore;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean1;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: InstanceTest</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 测试</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 1:57:41 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">InstanceTest</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> ApplicationContext applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@BeforeClass</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">init</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		applicationContext = <span class="keyword">new</span> ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(<span class="string">"applicationContext.xml"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Ignore</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// 构造器实例化</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">instanceTest1</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		Bean1 bean1 = applicationContext.getBean(Bean1<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result : pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean1@59402b8f</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(bean1);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Ignore</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// 静态工厂方式实例化</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">instanceTest2</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result : pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean2@70ed52de</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"bean2"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Ignore</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// 实例工厂方式实例化</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">instanceTest3</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result :</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// this is constructor ~</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.instance.Bean3@70ed52de</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"bean3"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="Bean-的作用域"><a href="#Bean-的作用域" class="headerlink" title="Bean 的作用域"></a>Bean 的作用域</h3><p><em>简介 : 在Spring 4.3中为Bean定义了七种作用域,如下所示.</em></p>
<ol>
<li>Singleton(<code>单例</code>) : 使用Singleton定义的Bean在Spring容器中将只有一个实例,也就是说,无论有多少个Bean引用它,始终指向同一个对象,其也是Spring默认的作用域.</li>
<li>prototype(<code>原型</code>) : 每次通过Spring容器获取prototype定义的Bean时,容器都将创建一个新的Bean实例.</li>
<li>request : ..</li>
<li>session : ..</li>
<li>globalSession : ..</li>
<li>application : ..</li>
<li>websocket : ..</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="Bean-的作用域案例"><a href="#Bean-的作用域案例" class="headerlink" title="Bean 的作用域案例"></a>Bean 的作用域案例</h4><p><em>下面通过简单程序来分别演示<code>singleton</code>和<code>prototype</code>作用域</em></p>
<ol>
<li><p><em>Bean类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//Bean的作用域: singleton </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Bean4</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//Bean的作用域: prototype</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Bean5</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>Spring核心配置文件</em></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">beans</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xmlns:xsi</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xsi:schemaLocation</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- singleton(default) --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"bean4"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope.Bean4"</span> <span class="attr">scope</span>=<span class="string">"singleton"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">&lt;!-- prototype --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"bean5"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope.Bean5"</span> <span class="attr">scope</span>=<span class="string">"prototype"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">beans</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>测试类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope.test;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.BeforeClass;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Ignore;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: ScopeTest</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 测试</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 2:53:10 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">ScopeTest</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> ApplicationContext applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@BeforeClass</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">init</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		applicationContext = <span class="keyword">new</span> ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(<span class="string">"applicationContext.xml"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Ignore</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// Bean的作用域: singleton</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">singletonTest</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result:</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope.Bean4@7c137fd5</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope.Bean4@7c137fd5</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"bean4"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"bean4"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Ignore</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// Bean的作用域: prototype</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">prototypeTest</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result: pers.huangyuhui.spring.bean.scope.Bean5@3e08ff24</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"bean5"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="Bean-的装配方式"><a href="#Bean-的装配方式" class="headerlink" title="Bean 的装配方式"></a>Bean 的装配方式</h3><p><em>简介 : Bean的装配方式可以理解为依赖注入,Bean的装配方式既Bean依赖注入的方式. Spring容器支持多种形式的Bean的装配方式,如基于<code>XML</code>的装配,基于<code>Annotation</code>的装配等..</em></p>
<h4 id="基于XML的装配"><a href="#基于XML的装配" class="headerlink" title="基于XML的装配"></a>基于XML的装配</h4><p><em>Spring提供了两种基于XML的装配方式: 设值注入(<code>Setter Injection</code>)和构造注入(<code>Constructor Injection</code>). 在Spring实例化Bean的过程中,<code>Spring首先会调用Bean的默认构造方法来实例化Bean对象,然后通过反射的方式调用setter方式来注入属性值</code>.因此,设值注入要求一个Bean必须满足一下两点要求.</em></p>
<ol>
<li>Bean类必须提供一个默认的无参构造方法.</li>
<li>Bean类必须为需要注入的属性提供对应的<code>setter</code>方法.</li>
</ol>
<p><em>下面通过一个简单示例程序来展示基于XML的Bean的装配方式.</em></p>
<ol>
<li><p><em>User.java : Java bean</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.bean;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.List;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: User</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 用户信息</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 3:37:58 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">User</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> String name;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> List&lt;String&gt; phone;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title">User</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title">User</span><span class="params">(String name, List&lt;String&gt; phone)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">super</span>();</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">this</span>.name = name;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">this</span>.phone = phone;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title">getName</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> name;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">setName</span><span class="params">(String name)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">this</span>.name = name;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> List&lt;String&gt; <span class="title">getPhone</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> phone;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">setPhone</span><span class="params">(List&lt;String&gt; phone)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">this</span>.phone = phone;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title">toString</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"User [name="</span> + name + <span class="string">", phone="</span> + phone + <span class="string">"]"</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>applicationContext.xml : Spring核心配置文件</em></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">beans</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xmlns:xsi</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xsi:schemaLocation</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 利用构造注入方式装配User实例 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"user1"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.bean.User"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">constructor-arg</span> <span class="attr">index</span>=<span class="string">"0"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"YUbuntu0109-1"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">constructor-arg</span> <span class="attr">index</span>=<span class="string">"1"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">list</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span>"15111111111"<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span>"15211111111<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 		<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">list</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 	<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">constructor-arg</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">bean</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 使用设值注入方式装配User实例 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">bean</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">"user2"</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.bean.User"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">property</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"name"</span> <span class="attr">value</span>=<span class="string">"YUbuntu0109-2"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">property</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">"phone"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 		<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">list</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span>"13111111111"<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 			<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span>"18111111111"<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">value</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 		<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">list</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 	<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">property</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">bean</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">beans</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>AssembleTest.java : 测试类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.test;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.BeforeClass;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Ignore;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.controller.UserController;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: AssembleTest</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 测试</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 3:49:42 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">AssembleTest</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> ApplicationContext applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@BeforeClass</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">init</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		applicationContext = <span class="keyword">new</span> ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(<span class="string">"applicationContext.xml"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// @Ignore</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// 测试基于XML的Bean配置</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">xmlBeanAssembleTest</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result: User [name=YUbuntu0109-1, phone=["15111111111", "15211111111]]</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"user1"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// result: User [name=YUbuntu0109-2, phone=["13111111111", "18111111111"]]</span></span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"user2"</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="基于Annotation的装配"><a href="#基于Annotation的装配" class="headerlink" title="基于Annotation的装配"></a>基于Annotation的装配</h4><p><em>简介 : 通过注解(<code>Annotation</code>)来实现Bean的装配工作可以解决XML配置文件过于臃肿的问题,且便于后期维护. 其常用注解如下.</em></p>
<ol>
<li><code>@Repository</code> : 用于将数据访问层(DAO层)的类标识为Spring中的Bean.</li>
<li><code>@Service</code> : 通常作用在业务层(Service层),用于将业务层的类标识为Spring中的Bean.</li>
<li><code>@Controller</code> : 通过作用在控制层(如Spring MVC的Controller),用于将控制层的类标识为Spring中的Bean.</li>
<li><code>@Autowired</code> : 用于对Bean的属性变量,属性的setter方法及构造方法进行标注,配合对用的注解处理器来完成Bean的自动配置工作.</li>
</ol>
<p><em>下面通过一个简单案例来演示如何通过这些注解来装配Bean.</em></p>
<ol>
<li><p><em>UserDao.java</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">interface</span> <span class="title">UserDao</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">save</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>UserDaoImple.java</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.impl;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.UserDao;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: UserDaoImpl</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: UserDao的实现类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 4:13:53 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Repository</span>(<span class="string">"userDao"</span>) <span class="comment">// 将UserDaoImpl类标识为Spring中的Bean</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">UserDaoImpl</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title">UserDao</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">save</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(<span class="string">"UserDao : Save function ~"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li><em>其中使用<code>@Respository</code>注解将UserDaoImpl类标识为Spring中的Bean,其写法相当于配置文件中的<code>&lt;bean id=&quot;userDao&quot; class=&quot;pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl&quot;/&gt;</code></em></li>
</ul>
<ol start="3">
<li><p><em>UserService.java</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">interface</span> <span class="title">UserService</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">save</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>UserServiceImpl.java</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.impl;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.stereotype.Service;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.UserDao;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.UserService;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: UserServiceImpl</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: UserService的实现类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 4:20:15 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Service</span> <span class="comment">// 将UserServiceImpl类标识为Spring中的Bean</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">UserServiceImpl</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title">UserService</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Autowired</span> <span class="comment">// 自动配置Bean</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> UserDao userDao;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">save</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		userDao.save();</span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(<span class="string">"UserService : Save function ~"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>UserController.java</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.controller;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.dao.UserService;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: UserController</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: TODO</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 4:33:56 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Repository</span> <span class="comment">/// 将UserController类标识为Spring中的Bean</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">UserController</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Autowired</span> <span class="comment">// 自动配置Bean</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> UserService userService;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">save</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		userService.save();</span><br><span class="line">		System.out.println(<span class="string">"UserController : Save function ~"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>AssembleTest.java : 测试类</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.test;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.BeforeClass;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Ignore;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble.controller.UserController;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@ClassName</span>: AssembleTest</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span>: 测试</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span>: HuangYuhui</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@date</span>: May 24, 2019 3:49:42 PM</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">AssembleTest</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> ApplicationContext applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@BeforeClass</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">init</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		applicationContext = <span class="keyword">new</span> ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(<span class="string">"applicationContext.xml"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">annotationAssembleTest</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		UserController userController = (UserController) applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"userController"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		userController.save();</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>Spring核心配置文件</em></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">beans</span> <span class="attr">xmlns</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xmlns:xsi</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xmlns:context</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">	<span class="attr">xsi:schemaLocation</span>=<span class="string">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><span class="string">		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 </span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 扫描指定包下的所有Bean类,进行注解解析 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">context:component-scan</span> <span class="attr">base-package</span>=<span class="string">"pers.huangyuhui.spring.assemble"</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	 </span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">beans</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>程序运行结果</em></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">UserDao : Save function ~</span><br><span class="line">UserService : Save function ~</span><br><span class="line">UserController : Save function ~</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
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